国际媒体报道中国砂石行业：城市化建设支撑中国砂石骨料需求

国际媒体报道中国砂石行业：城市化建设支撑中国砂石骨料需求

编者按：

Aggregates Bussiness  International 资深记者 Liam McLoughlin 近期就当前中国砂石行业的近况和未来走势专访了中国砂石协会会长胡幼奕，并以《Urbanisation projects help support Chinese aggregates demand》为题作专题报道，胡幼奕会长就中国砂石装备发展成就、砂石行业政策、“无废城市”建设和未来趋势等方面介绍了当前中国砂石行业情况。

近年来，中国砂石协会多次在国际会议上提出共建全球砂石骨料工业的命运共同体，随着全球局势的加速演进，特别是一些国家在产业链、能源成本等方面面临较大挑战，与中国砂石企业合作的意愿空前强烈，中国砂石协会持续密切保持与各国砂石行业沟通，发挥“桥梁纽带”作用，传递中国砂石行业合作开放共赢的主张，并将尽所能为中外砂石产业间的合作提供多方面支持。

中英文采访内容如下：

Urbanisation projects help support Chinese aggregates demand

城市化建设支撑中国砂石骨料需求

The fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic has aff ected demand for aggregates in China this year but CAA, the country’s aggregates association, says rapid development in urbanisation projects is supporting demand in the country’s quarrying sector. Liam McLoughlin reports

2019新冠疫情对中国今年的砂石骨料需求造成了影响，但中国砂石协会CAA表示，城市化的快速发展支撑了中国砂石行业的需求。Liam McLoughlin 报道

In recent years, China’s annual production/consumption of aggregates has remained at about 20 billion tonnes, with an annual output value of more than 200 billion yuan (€27.84bn), and transportation costs of more than 500 billion yuan (€69.58bn), accounting for about 1/40 of Chinese GDP. This year, affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, the demand for aggregates has declined to some extent compared with previous years.

中国砂石骨料年产量近几年保持在200亿吨左右，年产值2万多亿元，运输费用高达5000多亿元，约占GDP的1/40。由于受疫情影响，今年的砂石需求与往年相比有所下降。

CAA, the Chinese national aggregates association, says that the main factors driving demand for aggregates in the country are real estate projects, large infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, water conservancy and hydropower, the progress of the new urbanisation and rural revitalisation plan, and construction of functional areas for coordinated regional development.

中国砂石协会CAA表示，房地产项目，道路、桥梁、水利、水电等大型基础设施项目，新型城镇化建设和乡村振兴进度，区域协调发展功能区建设等是拉动中国砂石需求的主要影响因素。

In the first half of 2022, national aggregates production totalled 8.18 billion tonnes according to data from the CAA, a 14.4% decrease from the same period in 2021. In the first half of 2022, under the support of the government’s policy of “steady growth in infrastructure”, high investment in infrastructure provided strong support for aggregates demand, but the growth rate of real estate investment continued to decline, which had an impact on demand for aggregates. At the same time, affected by factors such as COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control and the high inventory of aggregates-producing enterprises, the CAA says production in the first half of the year declined to a certain extent year-on-year.

2022年上半年，中国全国砂石产量达81.8亿吨，较2021年同期下降14.4%。上半年，“基建稳增长”政策加持下，基建投资保持高位对砂石需求形成有力支撑，但是房地产投资增速持续下滑，对砂石需求造成一定冲击。同时受疫情防控、砂石企业库存高企等因素影响，上半年砂石产量同比出现一定下滑。

CAA chairman Hu Youyi says that, currently, Chinese quarry operators particularly are looking for quarrying equipment that is suitable for large-scale, automated, intelligent and environmentally friendly production.“This is because China’s urbanisation progress is currently in a period of rapid development, and the demand for aggregates is large,” Hu states. He adds that a large number of small quarries have been shut down, and the number of quarries in China has reduced from more than 50,000 in 2013 to little more than 10,000 in 2022. This reduction is due to regional governments promoting the integration and reorganisation of quarries, and the building of large-scale quarries. Hu says: “In addition, China is vigorously developing the construction of [an] ecological civilisation, and environmental protection requirements are tightening. It is required that the quarrying equipment must meet the environmental protection requirements.”

在谈到中国砂石设备方面，中国砂石协会会长胡幼奕表示，目前，中国所需的砂石设备的主要特征是大型化、自动化、智能化和环保化。原因是，首先，中国的城市化发展目前处于快速化发展时期，砂石需求量大。目前中国建设的砂石厂产量一般在200万吨、500万吨、千万吨，甚至上亿吨，此外，中国关停了大量小型砂石生产厂，采石场由2013年的五万多家缩减到现在的一万多家，各地区政府在推进石矿的整合重组，石矿朝着大型化、集约化方向发展。其次，中国大力发展生态文明建设，环保要求趋紧，要求砂石生产设备必须满足环保要求。

Due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic in Shanghai in mid-March of 2022, the CAA says the amount of aggregates consumed in the city in the first half of the year has decreased. Shanghai is an area that consumes aggregates, but does not produce them. The aggregates are supplied by waterways and land routes along the Yangtze River Basin.However, Hu says the lockdown’s impact on China’s wider aggregates industry is limited. “As Shanghai lifted the lockdown in early June after the epidemic was under control, infrastructure construction projects in all aspects were launched in an orderly manner, enterprises resumed work and production, and the supply of aggregates returned to normal,” he adds.

中国砂石协会表示，由于2022年3月中旬上海新冠肺炎疫情的影响，上海上半年的砂石用量有所下降。但上海是消耗砂石的区域，并不生产砂石，其砂石都是通过长江流域水路以及陆路来供应，因此对中国整个砂石行业的整体影响有限。随着疫情的缓解，上海于6月初全面解除封控，各方面基础设建设项目有序启动，企业也都有序复工复产，砂石供应恢复正常。

In terms of major developments in the quarrying and aggregates sector over the next year to 18-months, Hu comments: “In China’s 14th Five-Year Plan, the government has proposed plans of new urbanisation construction, dual circulation (a new pattern of development that is focused on the domestic economy and features positive interplay between domestic and international economic flows), and infrastructure such as highway, railway and bridges. “Therefore, China’s demand for aggregates will continue to increase in the future. Meanwhile, the CAA is working hard in the setting and revision of the standards for China’s aggregates industry, and quarry operators and equipment companies will continue to develop towards a large-scale, intensive, intelligent and environmentally friendly direction.”

展望未来一年至一年半中国砂石骨料行业的发展前景，胡幼奕评论道：“在中国的‘十四五’发展规划中，政府提出了新城市化建设、双循环、公路铁路桥梁等基础设施建设的计划，中国砂石需求在未来将持续增加，同时中国砂石协会积极参与行业标准规范的制修订，石矿和设备将继续朝着大型化、集约化、智能化和环保的方向发展。”

Hu adds that some new types of quarry equipment have been launched in China this year, such as new hammer crushers and large-scale gyratory crushers. A range of testing equipment has also been introduced including rock-abrasion index-testing machines and rock-crushing work indextesting machines.

关于砂石设备的一些发展成就方面，胡幼奕补充道，目前中国推出了一些新型砂石设备，例如新型锤式破碎机、大型旋回破碎机等；以及试验检测装备：岩矿磨蚀指数试验机、岩矿破碎功指数试验机等。

The most commonly used aggregates products in China are currently machinemade sand and crushed stone. The machine-made sand is mainly mediumcoarse sand, and the fineness modulus exceeds 2.3; the particle size of crushed stone is mainly between 5mm and 25mm.In terms of the exporting of Chinese aggregates, Hu says that currently aggregates output in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau is insufficient, and they basically rely on the mainland’s aggregates to meet their levels of demand. “About 100 million tonnes of aggregates (machine-made sand and crushed stone) are exported to Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan every year,” he adds.

目前，中国最常用的砂石产品是机制砂和碎石，其中机制砂主要以中粗砂为主，细度模数超过2.3；碎石的粒径范围主要在5mm到25mm之间。

在砂石出口方面，胡幼奕表示：“目前台湾、香港、澳门的砂石产量不够，基本上依靠大陆的砂石来满足其供应。出口到香港、澳门和台湾的砂石（机制砂石）每年在一亿吨左右。”

A number of recent Chinese government actions are currently impacting the quarrying and aggregates sector. In November 2019, 10 departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the ‘Several Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of the Machine-made Aggregates Industry’, and in March 2020, 15 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the ‘Guiding Opinions on the Healthy and Orderly Development of the Aggregates Industry’, which the CAA says stabilised the supply of the aggregates market and maintained the overall stability of the aggregates price.At the same time, the Chinese government is vigorously developing green mine and green factory construction, and has introduced strict environmental protection policies, which Hu says are all designed to promote the transformation, upgrading and high-quality development of the Chinese aggregates industry.

近几年，中国政府高度重视中国砂石行业的发展，出台一系列重要的文件。2019年11月工业和信息化部等10部门联合发布的《关于推进机制砂石行业高质量发展的若干意见》，2020年3月国家发展和改革委员会等15部门联合印发的《关于促进砂石行业健康有序发展的指导意见》，稳定了砂石市场供应、保持了砂石价格的总体平稳，同时中国政府大力发展绿色矿山建设、绿色工厂建设，严格实施环保政策等，这些都强有力地推动了砂石骨料产业的转型升级和高质量发展。

He adds that, to save primary quarry resources, reduce environmental pollution and waste of resources, China’s aggregates industry actively recycles waste including tailings, waste rock, stone powder, construction solid waste and cave slag.According to the CAA, there are more than ten enterprises in China engaged in the transformation of rundown urban areas, abandoned mines restoration, and comprehensive utilisation of tailings and waste rocks, with lots of successful cases.“China vigorously promotes the comprehensive utilisation of C&D [construction & demolition] waste, tailings and waste rocks. Dozens of cities have carried out the construction of ‘waste-free cities’,” adds Hu. “The utilisation rate of construction solid waste in these cities has reached 55%. The relevant experience gathered from this will be used nationwide in the next few years.” He says that dozens of enterprises across the country have been involved in the successful transformation of shanty towns, abandoned mines, and the comprehensive utilisation of tailings and waste rocks. He adds that there are many companies in China that are able to provide the market with overall solutions for recycled building materials, such as recycled concrete, recycled blocks, permeable bricks and other recycled products. “These have been applied in many fields, forming a new model of material recycling,” Hu says.

胡幼奕表示，为了节约原生石矿资源，减少环境的污染，以及减少资源的浪费，中国对建筑道路、桥梁等砂石骨料进行回收再利用。中国砂石骨料行业利用自身优势，积极主动对尾矿、废石、石粉、泥土、建筑固废、洞渣等固体废弃物的资源化再生利用和循环使用进行科研攻关，一些企业的技术和成果已走在全国固废资源化的前端，有些技术与装备达到世界领先水平。

“目前，中国有众多的企业可以为市场提供再生建材整体解决方案，可生产再生混凝土、再生砌块、透水砖等多种再生产品，并在多个领域得到应用，形成了材料循环使用的新模式。全国有十多家砂石相关企业在涉及棚户区改造、废弃矿山和尾矿废石综合利用方面有很多成功的案例。此外，中国大力推进建筑固废综合利用，数十个城市开展‘无废城市’建设，这些城市建筑固废资源化利用率已达55%，相关成熟经验将在未来几年向全国推广。”胡幼奕补充道。